A moralidade no mundo: o sumo bem e a filosofia da história kantiana

This paper has two sections. At first, I present an approach to Kant’s concept of the highest good that tries to show its systematic place within Kant’s practical system. Against established interpretations, I sustain that the highest good does not hinder autonomy; instead, it allows Kant to deal with problems that were left aside when he was elaborating the grounding of morality. Then, I compare the concept of the highest good with the idea of moral progress in Kant’s philosophy of history. In the light of this comparison, I discuss the thesis according to which this progress can be interpreted as an alternative to the postulate of soul immortality and the interpretation according to which moral historical progress allows a possible and more concrete representation of how the sensible world can come closer to the idea of a moral world.