Aufklärung: revista de filosofia

Marxist philosophy provides an important theoretical foundation for the recognition of the nature of culture as a form of social consciousness associated with social existence and modes of production. In the context of globalization, industrial revolution 4.0 and the modernization process in Vietnam, building a modern culture is not only a requirement for endogenous development but also a condition to ensure national identity and socialist orientation. This article analyzes the views of Marxist philosophy on culture, clarifies the role of culture in social development, and assesses the current situation and proposes solutions to build a modern culture in Vietnam today. The research method is mainly analytical – synthesis, combined with the historical-logical method. The results show that the creative application of Marxist philosophy to the specific conditions of Vietnam is a decisive factor in the development of a culture that is both advanced and imbued with national identity.